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On the geologic map of Kansas (Moore and Landes, 1937), a large part of the sand dune area and the alluvium along the Arkansas, Little Arkansas, and Smoky Hill rivers were distinguished from the McPherson formation.Įarly in the course of the present investigation, it was deemed advisable to re-map the geology of the area therefore a reconnaissance geologic map was prepared. They were described and the unconsolidated deposits were named the McPherson Equus beds by Haworth and Beede in 1897 (also described by Beede, 1898). The geologic formations in this part of Kansas were first mapped by C. *Classification of the State Geological Survey of Kansas. Yields meager supplies of highly mineralized water to farm wells from weathered surface zones and crevices in unweathered beds of shale and limestone. Soft, gray, calcareous shale containing gypsum, anhydrite, salt, and thin beds of argillaceous limestone. Yields meager supplies of highly mineralized water to farm wells. Contains some thin beds of gray and green shale, thin argillaceous limestone and gypsum. Contains anhydrite and gypsum in subsurface westward. Gray, cellular, thin-bedded dolomite on outcrop in McPherson County. Yields small supplies of hard water to farm and stock wells, and to small springs. Yields small supplies of relatively hard water to stock and domestic wells.ĭark-gray to black, gypsiferous shale gray to buff, sandy shale soft, cross-bedded sandstone hard, limonitic sandstone 'quartzite' and thin fossiliferous limestones. Material largely derived from Cretaceous and Permian rocks in and near the area of outcrop. Gray to buff silt, clay, and carbonate, fine- to medium-grained sand, small amount of gravel. Yields large to very large supplies of moderately hard to hard water, especially from channel deposits, to municipal, industrial, and farm wells. Channel deposits composed of coarse-grained sand and gravel. Forms an important catchment area for rainfall.īuff to brown silt, clay, sand, and gravel. Yields small quantities of soft water to domestic and stock wells. In general these dunes have a cover of vegetation and are subdued in form. Several cycles of deposition set off by soil zones. The higher dunes are above the water table in most places but constitute a valuable intake area.įine- to medium-grained, rounded eolian quartz sand, cross-bedded. These younger, higher dunes are subject to shifting and blowout and are devoid of vegetation. Smaller quantities are obtainable from the Smoky Hill Valley.įine- to medium-grained eolian quartz sand. Yields large to very large supplies of relatively hard water to wells in the Arkansas and Little Arkansas valleys.

Silt, clay, and cross-bedded coarse-grained sand and gravel containing silt and clay. Table 6.-Generalized section of the geologic formations in parts of Harvey, McPherson, Marion, Sedgwick, and Reno counties. The character and ground-water supply of the geologic formations in this area are described briefly in the generalized section in Table 6, and in more detail under geologic formations and their water-bearing properties. The stratigraphic relationships of these and other formations are shown on the geologic profiles (Pl. The principal water-bearing formations are the sandstones of the Kiowa shale, the Delmore formation, McPherson formation, and alluvium of the Arkansas, Little Arkansas, and Smoky Hill River valleys.

The areas of outcrop of the various formations are shown on Plate 1. The rock formations that crop out in the parts of Harvey, McPherson, Marion, Reno, and Sedgwick counties included in this report are of sedimentary origin and range in age from Permian to Recent. Analyses of water derived from the several formations are given in Table 13. Records of typical wells tapping the formations are given in Table 37. Mechanical analyses of the unconsolidated deposits are included in the section on the physical properties of the water-bearing materials. Logs of 354 test holes and wells are grouped at the end of the report and the locations of the test holes and wells for which logs are given are shown on Plate 7. In addition to the following discussion of the geologic formations in this area, a considerable amount of data concerning them is included elsewhere in this report. Geologic Formations and Their Water-bearing Properties

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